Respect and Freedom Imperative Civic Values of an...

Imperative Civic Values of an American Citizen This essay is asking a very tough question. It wants to know what I believe is the most essential civic value of being an American. There are many civic values that are essential to being an American such as: Respecting our government, the sense of pride about being an American, Courage, Justice, Integrity, and Freedom. There are several values that stand out, these civic values include: Courage, Justice, Integrity, Respect and the one civic value that stands out the most is freedom. Courage is an essential part of being an American because courage defines the United States of America. US citizens have the courage to stand up for what we believe in, and the courage to follow public laws and†¦show more content†¦Integrity is an exceptionally important civic value to posses because it encompasses many other civic values such as: justice, initiative, respect, responsibility, and compromise. American citizens can demonstrate these civic values through integrity, by showing respect to others, taking initiative in what they do, working for justice, and taking responsibility for the decisions that people make on a daily basis whether they be good or bad. â€Å"President Dwight D. Eisenhower asserted, â€Å"The supreme quality of leadership is unquestionably integrity. Without it, no real success is possible, no matter whether it is on a section gang, a football field, in an army, or in an office.† People should be in agreement with this statement becaus e without having integrity it may be hard to achieve success in life. Americans could do with Integrity as a trait so that they are able to stay true to their word and achieve success in their lives. â€Å"The Founding documents—including the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, and the Bill of Rights have integrity in their common commitment to principles including natural rights, liberty, and justice.† (http://www.citizenbee.org/user/StudentGuide.aspx?id=639) The concept of ‘Respect’ is very difficult to state because there are many ways that a person can look at it. Many Americans look at respect in several different ways:Show MoreRelatedThe Problem Of A Dichotomy Of Civil And Ethnic Nationalism2247 Words   |  9 Pagesaccording to Kohn (1961), arose and were created within earlier existing government institutions promoting distribution of the process of cultural homogenization (that is relative uniformity of society). 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French Revolution Vs. Immanuel Kant - 1265 Words

DWC 201, Dr. Moffett Allison Lancaster Essay #1 French Revolution vs. Immanuel Kant In 1614, France’s Population changed dramatically. The citizens were placed in three classes of rank in society. These classes consisted of the Nobels, who were born of royal blood, the Aristocrats, who were independently wealthy, and then the rest of the population who were less fortunate in life. These non-aristocratic members made up 98 percent of the Third Estate, but even so, could still be outvoted by the Nobels and Aristocrats. After being silenced for so long by the higher classes on matters of state, the lower class began to read and foster ideas about the Enlightenment. Armed with such knowledge, members of the lower class began question why they were forced to live without say in their government. At this point, the Third Estate began to mobilize support for equal representation and rally for the abolishment of the noble veto. The majority class felt that voting by head count instead of by class would allow them more control in the Aristocracy. While all of the cl asses shared a common desire for reform in the judicial and fiscal system, the nobles in particular were unwilling to give up their privileges and authority they held under the traditional system. Immanuel Kant, a staunch supporter of enlightenment, obligation to society and autonomy in government, waxed philosophically during the French Revolution. Due to Kant’s belief in the public use of reason and priorityShow MoreRelatedThe Eighteenth Century : Age Of Enlightenment2647 Words   |  11 Pages†¢ Held gatherings to discuss ideas of philosophy -French woman, distinguished in France and Europe †¢ 1784: Immanuel Kant: man’s leaving his self-caused immaturity and inability to use intelligence without guidance †¢ Scientific Revolution: reason, natural law, hope, progress †¢ Ideas spread to educated Europeans by popularizers †¢ Bernard de Fontenelle (1657-1757) -linked: Scientific Revolution of 17th and philosophy of 18th -secretary of French Royal Academy of Science (1691-1741) -never discoveredRead MoreEssay about Utilitarianism: Explanation And Study of Criticisms3046 Words   |  13 Pagesfriendship, are good, no matter whether they are desired or not. Welfare consequentialism, which identifies utility with the satisfaction of interests rather than mere preferences. Problem: its hard to come up with a list of true (vs. merely perceived) interests. Utilitarianism may be incompatible with a principle of justice. A serious problem for utilitarianism comes in trying to respond to the following question. Utilitarianism requires that we do that action Read MoreCleanth Brookss Essay Irony as a Principle of Structure9125 Words   |  37 Pageswhat I regard as its inner core of truth. Thus in the essay on The Changing Function of Historical Materialism we can still hear the echoes of those exaggeratedly sanguine hopes that many of us cherished concerning the duration and tempo of the revolution. The reader should not, therefore, look to these essays for a complete scientific system. Despite this the book does have a definite unity. This will be found in the sequence of the essays, which for this reason are best read in the order proposedRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesorganization theory Introduction Conceptualizing management The historical origins and development of management 382 382 384 385 . xii Contents Technological change and the factory system The impact of scientific management The managerial revolution and the origins of managerialism Redefining managerialism Leadership and managerialism Diffusion between institutions: the case of the UK public sector New public management Diffusion within organizations: the infiltration of the rank and file Organizational

Myocardial Infarction with History of Stable myassignmenthelp

Question: What Is The Myocardial Infarction With History Of Stable? Answer: Introducation: Myocardial infarction occurs as a result of blockages in one or more coronary arteries. The blockages occur as a result of the building up of different substances in blood vessels. A coronary artery can narrow from the buildup of various substances, including low density lipoprotein (bad cholesterol), saturated fats, hydrogenated fats produced artificially and blood clots (Levine et al, 2016). Platelets in blood stick to plaque which builds up blockages as a result of bad cholesterol deposition on the walls of blood vessels. The coronary arteries supply oxygenated blood to the heart and therefore any blockages within these particular vessels reduce the amount of blood flowing to the heart muscles. In acute myocardial infarction, the blockages can completely stop the supply of blood to the heart causing a heart attack. Risk factors The first risk factor to myocardial infarction is high blood pressure. Individuals with high blood pressure above 120/80mmHg have higher chances of experiencing heart attacks (Hazinski et al, 2015). This is because the high pressure destroys the arteries and increases the plaque buildup leading to heart attacks. High cholesterol intake and presence in blood is another contributing factor to acute myocardial infarction. Individuals thus need to take statins to reduce cholesterol build up or reduce its intake through proper diet (Charakida, 2013). Thirdly a high triglyceride amount in blood is another risk as they are fat types which clog up the arteries leading to heart attacks. High blood glucose levels and diabetes are also risky to myocardial infarctions (Amsterdam et al, 2014). The high sugar presence in blood leads to the destruction of arteries among other blood vessels contributing to coronary artery disease which triggers heart attacks in different individuals. Further, obesit y which is associated diabetes and all the above risk factors is a contributing factor to acute myocardial infarction. Other risk factors include smoking tobacco, age of an individual above 45 years for men and 55 years for women, lack of exercise and family history of the disease. Impact on Patient and Family One of the impacts of myocardial infarction on patients and family includes the high cost of treating and managing the disease. Financial resources that could be used to run family issues will be diverted to clearing hospital bills (Torio, 2013). Secondly, an individual patient may be unable to report back to their former workplaces due to the medical condition and therefore limit the financial sources of the family. The family members including children turn into caregivers so as to nurse their parent or family member (Hazinski et al, 2015). Patients with heart disease suffer often from depression and anxiety and the family has to handle this change in the emotional state of their family member. Common Signs and Symptoms for Myocardial Infarction Sign/Symptom Pathophysiology 1. Fast heart rate The first heart rate occurs as a response by the Sino-atrial nerves sympathetic system when the body is under stress. This system triggers faster heart beats in order to restore sufficient flow of oxygenated blood around all the cardiac muscles (Levine et al, 2016). The fast heart rate is also intended to boost the pumping of blood from the heart to the vital organs including the brain and the lungs. 2. Shortness of breath This is caused by different factors including the lowered oxygen levels within the blood, dysrhythmia, anxiety and the failure of the heart. The respiratory center in the medulla oblongata of the brain works hand in hand with the Sino-atrial nerves on the heart to control the heart rate and with extension, the breathing rate (Hazinski et al, 2015). During a heart attack, the hearts pumping function is impaired and cannot effectively respond to the stimulation of the sympathetic and parasympathetic impulses in order to alter its rate. It may even undergo dysrhythmia due to death of its cells and thus lead to dyspnea in victims. 3. Dizziness Feeling dizzy is caused by insufficient levels of oxygen reaching the brain cells (Miller, 2013). In the case of heart attack, the coronary arteries that supply cardiac muscles with nutrients and oxygen narrow up or completely get blocked and this limits its pumping effect of oxygenated blood to the brain (Amsterdam et al, 2014). This eventually leads to dizziness among the victims. 4. Fatigue and anxiety Heart attack victims present with fatigue within the chest and sometimes cannot carry out simple exercises. This is caused by the lack of sufficient amounts of oxygen and nutrients within the muscles and cells within this particular region due to the narrowing and blockages along the coronary arteries serving the heart and limiting its pumping effect (Charakida, 2013). Anxiety is a natural emotional response among acute myocardial infraction victims especially those with a history of coronary heart disease as in this particular case. The patient remains anxious and would want to know the progress in their management. 5. Pressure, tightness in chest; chest, back, jaw and upper body pains lasting in several minutes. The pain can go away and come back. The radiating pain from the heart region to the back, the jaw and two arms is caused by the inadequate supply of blood to the heart muscles (Anderson, 2014). This condition is referred medically as angina and also involves pains in the shoulders. Common Classes of Drugs for Myocardial Infarction Their Physiological Effect Thrombolytic Thrombolytic drugs refer to a class of drugs used to treat acute myocardial infarction among other heart diseases. They can as well be referred to as clot-busters as their physiological effect includes dissolving blood clots along blood vessels including the coronary arteries supplying nutrients and oxygen to the heart muscles (Amsterdam et al, 2014). Blood clots are formed as a result of the accumulation of blood plates around plaques within blood vessels. The plaque develops as a result of the deposition of low-density lipoprotein on the walls of the arteries, which may also build up further with the addition of hydrogenated and saturated fats. This plaque blocks the arteries partially and/or completely and thus prevents the flow of blood to the cardiac muscles. As a result, the patient suffers a heart attack. Thrombolytic are thus important as they dissolve the blood platelet composition of the plaque and thus unblocking the arteries (Hazinski et al, 2015). They can be administere d along with cholesterol dissolvers. An example of thrombolytic class of drugs includes aspirin, which is commonly used as first aid medication for a heart attack. It reduces blood clotting and thus maintaining the flow of blood in narrow arteries on the heart muscles. While Aspiring is a first aid remedy for acute myocardial infarction among other heart attack types, hospital management of the patient must be based on the determination of patient aspirin intolerance. Beta blockers Beta blockers are a class of medications that are also given in the emergency management of acute myocardial infarction. Beta blockers are particularly used in relaxing the cardiac muscles and thus easing the pressure within the ventricles (Charakida, 2013). They also lead to a slower heartbeat while decreasing the levels of blood pressure. In essence, beta blockers ease the hearts pumping function. This medication further reduces the chances of potential heart muscle damage. In doing so, beta blockers prevent the recurrence myocardial infarction. Beta blockers are also referred to as adrenergic blocking agents and can be used in the management of both migraines and hypertension. Physiologically, beta blockers act as blocking agents that bar the effect of the epinephrine hormone in the body. They thus slow down the heart beat and even enable the opening up of blood vessels, leading to a smooth blood flow. Nursing Strategies The nursing care strategies for this particular patient in the first 24 hours of post admission include mainly: restoring oxygen demand and supply balance in order to prevent ischemia: relieving pain and: preventing and treating the complication to reinstate blood flow. Therefore as the first step the nurse needs to monitor the oxygen saturation continuously through pulse oximetry. The nurse should ensure that the patient remains confined to their beds in order to reduce all the oxygen need of the now damaged myocardium (Amsterdam et al, 2014). Secondly, there is need to administer antiplatelet drugs to prevent clotting in blood vessels. In particular, the patient can be started on a dose of specifically 300mg of aspirin if the patient is not aspirin intolerant to unblock the arteries in case they have blood clots according to Moran et al (2014). Another important management intervention for this emergency includes reducing the cardiac pain. Therefore, the patient needs to be put on vasodilators such as Nitrates in doses of 0.4gm as a sublingual tablet. Vasodilation reduces the ventricular preload by reducing the amount of the venous blood returning to the heart (Charakida, 2013). The pain and shock can be managed by administering strong pain killers such as morphine. This can ease the patients breathing and anxiety as the patient undergoes oxygen therapy. The patient should also be put on anti-emetics to stop nausea among other signs and symptoms. Another important post admission emergency intervention includes initiating a continuous monitoring of the cardiac functions in order to look out for dysrhythmia and manage the condition (Anderson, 2014). Under this there is need to provide a reperfusion treatment in order to restore the flow of blood within the cardiovascular system. In this regard, the nursing interventions focus on reducing any further damage on the cardiac muscles while preserving the pumping functionality of the heart. Once the patient starts stabilizing but within the first 24 hours, there is need for the nurse to provide psychological support which is a vital component to nursing care for such patients. This is because patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction often present with anxiety and/or fear while admitted in coronary care units. The nurse therefore encourages the patient on their healing process while providing any crucial information regarding their health condition, medical procedures, and patient family among others (Hodis, 2014).In this case study, the patient also presented with mitral valve stenosis which is associated with pulmonary congestion. The patient therefore can be given diuretics to treat pulmonary congestion while ventricular preload can be decreased to desired levels using nitrates. This ventricular rate caused by mitral stenosis can also be treated by the beta blockers and calcium channel blocking therapy. There is need to return the heart to a sinus rhythm in order to also prevent mitral valve stenosis (Anderson, 2014). The nurse can therefore start the patient immediately on an anti-coagulation therapy. In such an acute case though, it is important to use electrical cardioversion to treat mitral valve stenosis. These approaches must however be done step while ensuring the safety of the patient so as to effectively treat the delicate physiological state that he is in References Levine, Glenn N.; Bates, Eric R.; Blankenship, James C.; Bailey, Steven R.; Bittl, John A.; Cercek, Bojan; Chambers, Charles E.; Ellis, Stephen G.; Guyton, Robert A. (2016-03-15)."2015 ACC/AHA/SCAI Focused Update on Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: An Update of the 2011 ACCF/AHA/SCAI Guideline for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention and the 2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction".Circulation.133(11): 11351147. Hazinski, MF; Nolan, JP; Aickin, R; Bhanji, F; Billi, JE; Callaway, CW; Castren, M (October 2015). "Part 1: Executive Summary: 2015 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations".Circulation(Review).132(16 (Supplement 1)): S2-39. Amsterdam, E. A.; Wenger, N. K.; Brindis, R. G.; Casey, D. E.; Ganiats, T. G.; Holmes, D. R.; Jaffe, A. S.; Jneid, H.; Kelly, R. F.; Kontos, M. C.; Levine, G. N.; Liebson, P. R.; Mukherjee, D.; Peterson, E. D.; Sabatine, M. S.; Smalling, R. W.; Zieman, S. J. (23 September 2014). "2014 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients With Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines".Circulation.130(Online first): e344e426. Charakida M, Tousoulis D (2013). "Infections and atheromatous plaque: current therapeutic implications.".Current pharmaceutical design.19(9): 163850. Anderson, L; Taylor, RS (12 December 2014). "Cardiac rehabilitation for people with heart disease: an overview of Cochrane systematic reviews.".The Cochrane database of systematic reviews.12: CD011273. Elmariah, Sammy; Mauri, Laura; Doros, Gheorghe; Galper, Benjamin Z; O'Neill, Kelly E; Steg, Philippe Gabriel; Kereiakes, Dean J; Yeh, Robert W (November 2014). "Extended duration dual antiplatelet therapy and mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis".The Lancet.385: 792798. Lassen JF, Btker HE, Terkelsen CJ (Jan 2013). "Timely and optimal treatment of patients with STEMI".Nature Reviews Cardiology. 1.10(1): 418. Matthys, F; De Backer, T; De Backer, G; Stichele, RV (March 2014). "Review of guidelines on primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with aspirin: how much evidence is needed to turn a tanker?".European journal of preventive cardiology.21(3): 35465. Miller, J. D. (2013). Cardiovascular calcification: Orbicular origins.Nature Materials12, 476-478 Moran, AE; Forouzanfar, MH; Roth, GA; Mensah, GA; Ezzati, M; Flaxman, A; Murray, CJ; Naghavi, M (8 April 2014)."The global burden of ischemic heart disease in 1990 and 2010: the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study.".Circulation.129(14): 1493501. Torio, Celeste (August 2013)."National Inpatient Hospital Costs: The Most Expensive Conditions by Payer, 2011".HCUP. Hodis, Howard (July 2014)."Hormone replacement therapy and the association with coronary heart disease and overall mortality: Clinical application of the timing hypothesis".The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.142: 6875.

Something I want to do over free essay sample

â€Å"Yixing! Stop!† my friend yelled. I stopped chasing and frolicking, and turned my head to see what had happened. Lu was sitting in the mud, bursting into tears; she was one of my good friends who had lived next to me for 10 years, played the same instrument I did, went to school together every day, talked with me several times each day. My friends told me I tripped her up. I suddenly squatted and checked her in fear and trembling. The situation was much worse than I thought. Her lips and left ear were bleeding; one of the teeth came out and the cry attracted many students who just got off the campus. I knew I was in trouble; I was scared like a bird on a wire. My body shivered. But instead of helping her up, I involuntarily rushed back home. I didn’t hear mama’s greeting, didn’t smell the palatable food, didn’t take my shoes and backpack off; I charged to my room and closed the door sharply. We will write a custom essay sample on Something I want to do over or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The remorse preyed in my mind, I was worried, â€Å"How’s she? Do I need to pay something? I can’t let my mom know that!† That night was the longest night ever in my life; I tossed and turned restlessly on the bed and couldn’t sleep. The next day, I noticed that her name hadn’t been checked on the attendance list; additionally, my friends who saw me escaped yesterday were â€Å"threatening† me that I was all up. They said she must in hospital. I was like living on a razor’s edge, scared, scared, scared. She came back to class a week later. She looked no different but spoke inarticulately and never talked to me. I will never forget how scared I was, how panic I was, and how timid I was. It’s like a thorn always twinges my heart faintly. I don’t know if the shyness or timidity affects my decision at that moment; it has been a deep stigma in my mind. Moreover, it’s the most important lesson I’ve learned ever since; it teaches me to face the responsibility. If the clock goes back and I have the opportunity to do it over, I will help her up, give her some tissues to stop bleeding, take her to the hospital or back home, show my concern when she comes back. These small actions can easily resolve the ice-world between us and I don’t have to be so self-condemned till now.

Power of Group Influence

Power of Group Influence This part of the paper will discuss two group-related incidents. The first incident occurred last Sunday during the group meeting for our Youth Empowerment Movement (YEM). YEM is a multicultural all inclusive Christian youth group that focuses on helping youths cope with challenges, initiating development activities in their community, identification and promotion of youth talents, and promotion of social integration in our communities.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Power of Group Influence specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More During that meeting, Jose and Santos arrived in the meeting very late. In addressing them our chairman said that â€Å"you two Hispanics it quite clear that you are always late for meetings, I think it’s your culture that encourages this lazy behaviour and due to your laziness I demand written explanation to this effect and an apology to the other members.† Coincidentally, the two w ere the only members of Hispanics origin in our group and were the only people who were late that day. The second incidence occurred in our advanced calculus lecture when the lecturer was handing back our continuous assessment results. During that time, the lecturer, while referring to smith, said that â€Å"you Japanese it seems that you and your people you do not perform well in my classes.† These statements were discriminatory since referring to people by their race/ethnicity can be quite discriminating especially in situation where these people are perceived as minority. In addition, these statements were very discriminatory due to the fact of associating any people’s race/ethnicity with laziness or non-performing aspects, hence a bias incident. Further, the remarks can fuel racial divisions or misunderstandings within the group, since it can be interpreted as racial bias of given people to the others, thus, members of the group may start taking sides. I agree with the statement that, â€Å"never doubt that a small group of thoughtful committed citizens can change the world.† This is because, normally, a good idea or intention comes from one person or a small group that then spreads and works for it, which eventually helps other people and the world at large. For example, the International Red Cross Movement was founded from the idea of a young Swiss businessman, Jean Henry Dunant, who after witnessing condition of wounded soldiers in 1859 during the battle of Franco-Austrian, organized for relief services with the help of the local community immediately (Indian Red Cross, 2008).Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More From this event, Henry wrote a book Memory of Solferino, which he used it to influence like-minded people around the world who during the Geneva Convention of 1864 founded the International Red Cross that serves the wor ld in times of difficulties such as hunger, war and diseases (Indian Red Cross, 2008). Noble idea of few committed citizens has led to revolution or creation of countries that have significantly transformed the world in many ways. For example, the Founding Fathers of the United States of America were a small group of political leaders and statesmen, who took part in the American Revolution by signing the United States Declaration of Independence in July 4, 1776 and establishing the United States Constitution (Founding Fathers, 2010). Through their visionary leadership, these leaders were able to create a great nation that has been able to intervene in various global matters ranging from hunger, peace initiatives, war, and transformation of the world in various other aspects such as democracy, capitalism, and technological advancements. In support of the earlier statement, it is very clear that masses generally do not come up with a great idea; rather, it is the leaders or a small po rtion of the population that come up with the original idea and spread it to the larger population. This population eventually adopts it, leading to a successful group influence, which can be felt even globally. References Founding Fathers. (2010). History of the USA. Retrieved from: foundingfathers.info/. Indian Red Cross. (2008). History of Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. Retrieved from indianredcross.org/origin.htm.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Power of Group Influence specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More

Solons Reforms and the Rise of Democracy in Athens

Solons Reforms and the Rise of Democracy in Athens First coming to prominence (c. 600 B.C.) for his patriotic exhortations when Athens was fighting a war against Megara for possession of Salamis, Solon was elected  eponymous archon  in 594/3 B.C. and perhaps, again, about 20 years later. Solon faced the daunting task of improving the condition of: debt-ridden farmerslaborers forced into bondage over debt, andthe middle classes who were excluded from government, while not alienating the increasingly wealthy landowners and aristocracy. Because of his reforming compromises and other legislation, posterity refers to him as Solon the lawgiver.   Such power I gave the people as might do, Abridged not what they had, now lavished new. Those that were great in wealth and high in place, My counsel likewise kept from all disgrace. Before them both I held my shield of might, And let not either touch the others right.- Plutarchs Life of Solon The Great Divide Between Rich and Poor in Athens In the 8th century B.C., rich farmers began exporting their goods: olive oil and wine. Such cash crops required an expensive initial investment. The poorer farmer was more limited in choice of crop, but he still could have continued to eke out a living, if only he had either rotated his crops or let his fields lie fallow. Slavery When land was mortgaged, hektemoroi (stone markers) were placed on the land to show the amount of debt. During the 7th century, these markers proliferated. The poorer wheat farmers lost their land. Laborers were free men who paid out 1/6th of all they produced. In the years of poor harvests, this wasnt enough to survive. To feed themselves and their families, laborers put up their bodies as collateral to borrow from their employers. Exorbitant interest plus living on less than 5/6ths of what was produced made it impossible to repay loans. Free men were being sold into slavery. At the point at which a tyrant or revolt seemed likely, the Athenians appointed Solon to mediate. Relief in the Form of Solon Solon, a lyric poet, and the first Athenian literary figure whose name we know, came from an aristocratic family which traced its ancestry back 10 generations to Hercules, according to Plutarch. Aristocratic beginnings did not prevent him from fearing that someone of his class would try to become tyrant. In his reform measures, he pleased neither the revolutionaries who wanted the land redistributed nor the landowners who wanted to keep all their property intact. Instead, he instituted the seisachtheia by which he canceled all pledges where a mans freedom had been given as guarantee, freed all debtors from bondage, made it illegal to enslave debtors, and put a limit on the amount of land an individual could own. Plutarch records Solons own words about his actions: The mortgage-stones that covered her, by me Removed, the land that was a slave is free;that some who had been seized for their debts he had brought back from other countries, where so far their lot to roam, They had forgot the language of their home;and some he had set at liberty, Who here in shameful servitude were held. More on the Laws of Solon Solons laws do not appear to have been systematic, but provided regulations in the areas of politics, religion, public and private life (including marriage, burial, and the use of springs and wells), civil and criminal life, commerce (including a prohibition on export of all Attic produce except olive oil, although Solon encouraged the export of artisans work), agriculture, sumptuary regulation and discipline. Sickinger estimates there were between 16 and 21 axones that may have contained 36,000 characters total (minimum). These legal records may have been placed in the Boulouterion, Stoa Basileios, and the Acropolis. Although these places would have made them accessible to the public, how many people were literate is not known.   Sources: J.B. Bury. A History of GreecePlutarchs Life of SolonRichard Hookers (wsu.edu/~dee/GREECE/ATHENS.HTM)  Ancient Greece: AthensJohn Porters SolonUniversity of Keeles Classics Departments  Athenian Democracy  (www.keele.ac.uk/depts/cl/iahcla~7.htm - accessed 01/02/2000)History of Greece Vol II, by George Grote (1872).

Is Capital Punishment Effective Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Is Capital Punishment Effective - Essay Example 2). However, sound policy should not be based on what is popular. Rather, the best indicator that capital punishment makes sense from a public policy perspective is arguably its success as a deterrent of crime. The deterrent effect of capital punishment has been debated for some time. Studies on the extent to which the death penalty actually causes a decrease in the incidents of murder and other violent crime have produced mixed results. Nevertheless, recent moves by several states to impose moratoria on capital punishment have offered a novel opportunity to assess the impact of a suspension of the death penalty. For the first time, it has been possible to directly compare and contrast violent crime statistics in several jurisdictions both pre- and post-moratorium. This has shown a clear and substantial correlation between elimination of capital punishment and increase in incidents of murder. This paper discusses the evolution and current state of capital punishment in the United States. It will survey the seminal Supreme Court cases on the topic; and will consider empirical evidence that substantiates the effect of the death penalty as a deterrent. Not only is the death penalty appropriate within a democratic society in which the overwhelming majority of people support it; but it is also a reasonable public policy choice given the evidence substantiating its deterrent effect. The 20th Century was a very active period for application o... unishment declined somewhat in the 1940s and 1950s, executions were still much more frequent than today: approximately 130 a year in the 1940s and 75 a year during the 1950s, compared to an average of 48 per year in the 1990s. Over 65% of the American public approved of the death penalty during these decades" (Dezhbakhsh & Shepherd, par.10). The 1950s and 1960s witnessed a decline in support for the death penalty, with its lowest point coming in at 42% in 1966. "Opposition to the death penalty increased because of growing doubts about the morality of the death penalty, awareness of Western Europe's abandonment of capital punishment, abatement of the 1930s crime wave, lack of deterrence evidence, widespread belief in the racially discriminatory use of the death penalty, and increasing concern about the arbitrariness of death penalty sentences" (par. 11). The number of executions began to decline, reflecting the drop in public support. The movement of states away from mandatory death sentence statutes and toward discretionary statutes whereby juries had the power to decide whether or not a particular case warranted the death penalty led to an arbitrary application of capital punishment that raised questions about its constitutionality. This period culminated in the Supreme Court's Furman decision, 408 U.S. 238, in which the Court held that "the imposition and carrying out of the death penalty in these cases constitute cruel and unusual punishment in violation of the Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments" (Furman v. Georgia, 1972). The holding in Furman essentially found "that discretionary capital statutes resulted in arbitrary sentencing, violating the Eighth Amendment's cruel and unusual punishment clause. This decision effectively voided the death penalty statutes of all

Tessellation Pattern Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Tessellation Pattern - Essay Example With vivid lines and basic definite shape, I find it conducive to come up with a tessellation of the ‘barking dog’ for its concrete details can be readily visualized to end up with sharp geometric tessellated form. It is more convenient I suppose to tessellate with straight rather than curved edges of the model in the process. Using MS Paint of the Windows accessories, I first cropped the image to make a barking dog-pattern then copied and pasted the same pattern in a row. The initial transformation would be to translate each common figure vertically then reflect it about the vertical axis so as to show a row of barking dog images on top and at the bottom of the one bearing the original pattern. In this manner, the tessellation design consists of rows in original and reverse positions of the barking dog image alternating each other in two shades – brown and pink. By horizontally flipping a line of mass generated figure with a row of the first orientation placed on top of the second, there emerges ease in yielding a sight of the entire object. Monotonousness is further reduced in this technique since transforming by means of translating reflections creates spatial balance at least, if not symmetry. It would feel as if the tessellated product is less complex in view especially that in between the sol id pink and the solid brown, an external structure cut-out that traces the source pattern also alternates in solid shades of maize and blue gray on application of the same transformation scheme. Lei, Bonita (2000). â€Å"Keith Haring.† Great Modern Pictures. Retrieved from http://www.picsearch.com/imageDetail.cgi?id=U06MIagCZy2p1KI3r14v5Q1HSVXUKX7PubEXbzY8Wgc&width=1007&start=1&q=Keith%20Haring on July 3,

Women Essay Example for Free

Women Essay In the persuasive paper, the issue of abortion through a Feminist perspective and ethical lens will be looked into. Much controversy surrounds the issue but looking at feminist theory, more specifically, radical feminist theory, the decision for a woman to abort should be available if needed. Not only that, but the decision should be left up to the pregnant woman and the pregnant woman only, as this is seen as a form of escaping male dominance in society. The main arguments that will be used within the paper are: most importantly the feminist perspective of abortion, a feminist perspective of a woman’s control over her sexuality and how this relates to abortion, birth control, and lastly the reasoning behind why women may choose to abort. The writing style the persuasive paper will follow is APA style, and the following are a list of scholarly sources that will be used: 1.Himmelweit, S. (1980). Abortion: Individual choice and social control. Feminist Review, 5(1), 65-68. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/fr.1980.13 is one of the sources that will be used in the persuasive paper. The journal informs and a report on original research, as well as it provides an analysis of issues specific to the discipline. These two reasons demonstrate a purpose of publication which clearly indicates that this is indeed a scholarly source. 2. Zampas, C., Gher, J. M. (2008). Abortion as a human right—international and regional standards. Oxford Journals, 8(2), 269-294. doi: 10.1093/hrlr/ngn008 is another source chosen to be used within the paper. Frequency of publication is often a good indication that a source is in fact scholarly. Often quarterly is a good forewarning of a scholarly source, which Oxford Journals is credible for. 3. Bridgeman, J. (2011). Wise women in community: building on everyday radical feminism for social change. Interface, 3(2), 288-293. Retrieved from http://www.interfacejournal.net/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/Interfac

Wedding Speech Delivered by the Groom :: Wedding Toasts Roasts Speeches

Wedding Speech Delivered by the Groom On behalf of my wife and I, I would like to start by thanking Leon for his kind words†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.easily the best $10 I ever spent†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.and I’d like to thank him on behalf of everyone here today for providing the wedding feast. I would also like to thank Leon and Mindy for welcoming me into their family and their kindness and friendship since I first met them, though obviously they didn’t know me at the time else they might have locked their daughter up to keep her safe from me! And on that note I would also like to thank them for providing me with my bride without whom today would have been slightly more difficult even though the best man did offer to stand in†¦...but that’s another story. So, Leon and Mindy, thank you from the bottom of my heart. I would like to thank my own mom and Ian for their support and assistance in making today happen and for welcoming Becky into our family. I would especially like to thank my mom, not only for always being there for me but also because she has tried many times to get Becky to back out of this wedding but she did a terrible job and it went ahead anyway. So thank you so, so much. I would also like to give extra special thanks to Bill and Sarah Fuckley. Without them showing me the way forward, giving such a brilliant example of how two people who love each other should move forward together, I know that I would not have been the happiest man in the world today. So, thanks to you too. I would like to thank everyone here for coming today. I would particularly like to extend a warm welcome to Gary Wilson, a mate from childhood, who came all the way from Bermuda and has asked me to tell you he is young, free, single and filthy rich, and to tell you all that it means a lot to us both that everyone that is important to us could be here not only to celebrate our wedding day but also so that some of you could meet your new relatives – and with that goes my apologies, especially to the children and people with weak hearts in case the particularly ugly ones are scaring you as much as they do me.

Life of Pi: Use of a Unreliable Narrator Essay

â€Å"An unreliable narrator can draw you into his or her worldview and perhaps even make you take sides before a writer reveals a broader perspective, one that he/she has missed or omitted. Even if a story is written so you doubt the narrator from the beginning, an unreliable narrator is still the one taking you through the story, so you hang on to their words. Perhaps a certain dialogue or an event will uncover details the narrator does not realize and expose that as an unreliable narrator, their word can no longer be trusted†. (Jada Bradley). In the book Life of Pi, Pi reveals himself as an unreliable narrator. Although Pi defines himself as an unpredictable narrator through the final events in the story, Pi gives hints of false information throughout the book. As a reader, you hang on to his words because he is the one taking you through the account of his epic journey. Pi in the final scene of the story after his journey across the Pacific, tells the Japanese Oceanic Authorities contradicting stories. â€Å"Pi: So, you didn`t like my story? Mr.Okamoto: No, we liked it very much. Didn’t we , Atsuro? We will remember it for a long, long time. Mr.Chiba: We will. [Silence] Mr.Okamoto: But for the purposes of our investigation, we would like to know what really happened. Pi: What really happened? Mr. Okamoto: Yes. Pi: So you want another story? Mr. Okamoto: Uhh†¦no. We would like to know what really happened.† Pi leads you to believe that he is only making up the second account to satisfy the two men`s disbelief in his first story. However, if you reexamine the book you find that the second report could actually be a true account. Now you see that there are two valid stories, and the reader must choose which story is accurate based on their own conclusions about Pi. Throughout Pi`s journey there are doubtful events that hint at his unreliability as an narrator. These incidents can influence your choice on which story you find factual, like sketchy witnesses in a crime investigation. For instance, during his voyage, Pi encounters another blind castaway who jumps on Pi`s boat to kill him but, is killed by Richard Parker. This event is extremely unrealistic, for the possibility of two blind castaways encountering each other in the world`s largest ocean is simply far-fetched. You may sense some disbelief in this occurrence yet, you still trust his word. For Pi hasn`t yet given the reader a reason to disbelieve him as the narrator. Pi`s story from the boat sinking and the loss of his family, to his terrible journey across the Pacific Ocean is a horrible tragedy. You mourn for him and his horrible situation and through this sorrow you don`t realize that he could be making this all up. Usually when you read stories you want the main character to have a happy ending. However, in Life of Pi, when you discover you can no longer trust Pi`s account, you lose your remorse for him and his predicament. Crossen states this plainly in her Wall Street Journal article on unreliable narrators, â€Å"Unfortunately, to point out that a book has an unreliable narrator is to spoil the thrill of losing your innocence.† Cheering for the main character becomes vile when you have lost trust in their word. Pi`s first account of a boy and a Bengal tiger surviving a journey across the Pacific Ocean is fantastic tale but somewhat believable. However, by the end of the novel our perception of Pi as the storyteller has been tainted. Our perspective of anyone`s account of their lives depends on our own experiences and knowledge. As David Fromkin states in The Way of the World, †Life is a story that each of us tells to his or her self; and it therefore is a tale told by an unreliable narrator.†

Patient-Centered Care

Evidence Based Practice: Patient-centered Care1 Evidence Based Practice: Patient-centered Care Evidence Based Practice: Patient-centered Care2 Patient-centered Care In the definition of patient-centered care it states that we should recognize the patient as the source of control in providing compassionate and coordinated care based on respect for patient’s preferences, values, and needs(NAP, 2003). In this quantitative teaching strategy by Pamela Ironside, PhD, RN, FAAN she aims to do that, along with physical comfort and some emotional support for the family.In a culture as diverse as the United States it is of great importance that individuals in the health care field learn to communicate and understand each patient. We must remember when implementing a communication strategy, that there are many elements that affect the experience: cultural variations, personal dignity, and interpersonal relationships. Gathering knowledge of patient’s beliefs, and values, along with community preferences can be an effective strategy to overcoming diversity and improving communication.It is important to understand not only that people are different but also how to embrace these differences in order to supply individuals with appropriate healthcare. This is a teaching strategy about a couple who thought they were doing the best for their first born child but in return was possibly going to lose them forever. There were decisions that they were going to have to make, whether to continue with the treatment or stop it. This was not a usual couple though, they were Buddhists and the staff had no idea what the rituals for death and dying were, along with looking different the couple had dread locks, tattoos, andEvidence Based Practice: Patient-centered Care3 multiple piercings but they also were a mother and father who may be losing their baby. As the nurse introduces herself, which is every time we enter the patient’s room, she is determined to find some sort of connection with the mother. Who turned out to be a very distraught mother who was unable to make any important decisions. The nurse realizes the mother is unable to make clear decisions and talks to her supervisor to set up a care conference so they could talk about this baby’s quality of life.There comes the time when you have to say â€Å"goodbye† to a loved one. Could you do it? Or would you want the doctor to do anything and everything possible to save your loved ones life? Each person has his or her own set of values, norms, and beliefs. Individuals share these with others from their own culture; however with the vast number of separate cultures today it is important to understand not only that people are different but also how to embrace these differences in order to supply individuals with appropriate healthcare.There are many ways in which differences and cultures can affect health care services. Different cultures have different beliefs about health, wellne ss, and healing. This couple wanted to keep their newborn away from all the â€Å"bugs† in the hospital, but that is possibly where his/her life ended. Showing support and respect for different health beliefs creates a better interpersonal relationship between patient and nurse along with the physician. Health care providers should seek and obtain knowledge of their patient’s diverse cultures.In today’s world of diversity, knowledge is a valuable resource. The more the health care providers know the more they will Evidence Based Practice: Patient-centered Care4 understand. When treated with dignity, respect, and genuine concern, a patient along with the entire family is more relaxed and at ease. Evidence Based Practice: Patient-centered Care5 Ironside, P. M. Exploring the Complexity of Advocacy: Balancing Patient-Centered Care and Safety. (n. d. ). Retrieved May 21, 2007, from http://www. qsen. org/teachingstrategy. php? id=58

The Myths and Misconceptions of Marijuana Use Essay Example

The Myths and Misconceptions of Marijuana Use Essay Example The Myths and Misconceptions of Marijuana Use Essay The Myths and Misconceptions of Marijuana Use Essay They blamed the atrocities happening in their societies on the plant while aiming their accusations toward ethnic minorities to create biased opinions with their supporter. Emerging studies have begun to grab the attention of the public with their shocking results. The old mentalities of the previous generation are dying out, with people now making informed decisions rather than believing what theyre told. With the abundance of becoming aware of the misconceptions of marijuana use. Cannabis is a type of plant that is cultivated for its various types of natural resources, also known as industrial hemp, but is also bred for its psychoactive effects on the body which have medicinal and recreational purposes. There are many known chemicals found within the plant, such as cannibalistic acid, which has similar properties to penicillin. Most notable is the primary active ingredient Delta-9 Dehydrogenations or simply ETC, which is what gives users their high. The United States of America currently considers cannabis as an illegal substance, with only 18 states having made it legal for personal consumption and cultivation. A common misunderstanding is that hemp and cannabis are the same. Although they are both products of the cannabis plants, the distinction comes from the methods used to cultivate themwhich yield different results. Hemp is grown in rows (very similar to corn crops), and bears the resemblance of thin bamboo sticks with wood- like cores. There are currently over 25,000 products that use hemp as a resource. Cannabis, or more commonly referred to as marijuana (Mexican Spanish derivative), is grown with plenty of room allowing the plant to expand its width rather than its height. One main difference between the two breeds is that hemp is generally ultimate outdoors and contains no more than 1% ETC, while marijuana is grown mainly indoors with artificial lighting to strengthen the degree of ETC potency roughly containing 10-20%. The psychoactive effects of inducing marijuana vary for each individual; however, most users experience a euphoric state-of-mind that alters their perception of reality, and heightening their sensory systems (e. G. Vision, touch, taste). The physical side effects include glossy or red eyes, increased heart rate, a dry mouth (commonly referred to as cotton mouth), and a relaxing sensation to the body muscles. Traditionally, marijuana is ground up and rolled into a marijuana cigaretteor is consumed with the use of a pipe. Recent studies have shown that the safest methods to ingesting marijuana is if its eaten by incorporating ETC in meal preparations, or by vaporizing it. A vaporizer is an electronic contraption that heats the weedopposed to combustionto extract the ETC, in the form of an inalienable vapor. For the most part, the effects of marijuana are very static and rarely change. Some of the less desirable effects cause short-term impairments, such as trouble with memory, ability o learn, having questionable Judgment, failure to effectively use motor functions, and an assortment of mental impairments (e. . Anxiety, excessive panic, and paranoia). Although these are common symptoms amongst the general users of marijuana, the negative side effects vary between each individual. There is no credible information at this time that links marijuana and the negative side effects listed above as an inherent presence with each dosage. Cannabis used for medical purposes, or medicinal marijuana, has been stud ied closely for its abilities to cure certain debilitating symptoms. It was first recognized for its magical properties to cure ailments. The first recorded use of marijuana as a medicinal drug occurred in 2737 B. C. By Chinese emperor Sheen Nuns. The emperor documented the drugs effectiveness in treating the pains of rheumatism and gout (2010, Random Facts, Para. 16). With current technologies and research development, medicinal marijuana people diagnosed with UN-curable diseases, marijuana has been put under the microscope for maximizing its potential properties. Doctors currently prescribe it to chemotherapy patients who experience nausea and vomiting, people with neurotic and chronic pains (e. . Lower back pains, arthritis, multiple sclerosis), individuals with a loss of appetite because of medical conditions, and for those who suffer from sleep-related disorders such as insomnia. Its no secret that marijuana has gained a negative image with the public. It has been portrayed as a substance that turns people into lazy stoner who have no sense of direction or goals. However, the same can be said about alcohol. Sure there are some functional alcoholics that maintain an acceptable level of performance in their personal and professional lives, but have a dependency on consuming excessive amounts of alcohol daily. The amount that they induce could incapacitate an average person who drinks on occasionor even cause alcohol poisoning. The same can be said about marijuana users and their capabilities to maintain normal lifestyles. When analyzing the reasons for peoples decisions to drink alcohol or smoke marijuana recreational, they tend to have the same response. For instance, its still rare to see it shown on televisionbut it has made its way onto the big screen. Along with alcohol, the two party-enhancers are commonly seen in movies aimed at the coming of age teens and experimental young adults. If nee could host or be a part of a wild out-of-control party that rewards you with bikini- clad girls and epic re-tell value exaggerations of comical proportionand all it takes is a bit of alcohol or weed? Chances are, they had their minds made up before the previews even started. Peer pressurecoupled with the glorified image of these substances in pop-culture entertainment have become the recipe for impressionable teens seeking out new ways to gain acceptance from their peers. Sadly, the desire of todays youth and young adults to conform to the social norms set by popular media outlets has never been more prominent than it is now. For individuals that struggle with shyness, are disinclined, and have personal inhibitionsconsuming copious amounts of alcohol to reach a point of inebriation is a road they would rather take than be heckled and antagonized for their concerns. The same can be said about smoking marijuana, as it has the tendency to make a person more talkative and appear more cheerful. Last, there are individuals who have stressful days because of strenuous activity (whether it be physical or mental) and simply enjoy indulging in a drink or two. Marijuana mirrors this habit, as users will wish to mellow out. However, his is also where the substance abuse is found. People with daily strugglessuch as anxiety, low self-esteem, relationship issues, financial troubles, etc. often turn to substances to help them forget their worries and escape reality. Although alcohol and marijuana share similar qualities, there are also some clear distinctions between the two. Marijuana is known to induce a calm, relaxing experience while alcohol has been targeted for easily agitating the temperament of a boozeroften advocating violence as a solution. While there are many positive benefits for the use and production of cannabis, it entities to face negative sti gmas and stereotypes with the general public. For instance, many regard marijuana as a gateway drugbut a persons susceptibility to has been acknowledged for its versatility as a resource, it remains outlawed because of the concern that the cultivation of hemp will undoubtedly lead to the legalization of marijuana. A large majority of the concerned public are parents who worry about the impression and influence marijuana will have on their children. Maybes its more important to assess the history of how we dealt with the prohibition of alcohol in the sassand how loosely its viewed by todays standards.

Complete Official ACT Practice Tests, Free Links

Complete Official ACT Practice Tests, Free Links SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips No matter how you prep for the ACT- whether you have a tutor, take a class, or study by yourself- you must get access to official ACT tests. These tests are released by ACT, Inc. and contain real questions given to actual students on previous test dates. These questions have been removed from circulation (so you won't ever see them on a real test), but their quality is second to none when it comes to ACT realism. In this post, I'll tell you how to find all currently available official ACT practice tests. Most are free and offer a good way to get your feet wet with ACT prep. We'll also discuss how to use these tests to improve your ACT score. A Quick Intro to ACT Practice Tests The ACT format hasn't changed much in the past decade (except for the essay), so tests released in 2008 are almost as good as tests released in 2018. We'll give you the tests in the following section, and then teach you how to best make use of them. Be aware that practice tests are not a cure-all for all ACT problems. Definitely learn what practice tests do and don't do and understand the dangers of abusing practice tests. In addition, make sure you take them at the optimal frequency and aren't taking full practice tests too close to your test date. All Free, Full-Length ACT Practice Tests The following ACT practice tests are totally free. We've gathered all of them together in one place for your convenience. Currently, there are six PDF tests that you can print out and take on paper: ACT Practice Test 2018-19 (Form 74FPRE) Test: p-55. Answer key: p57-60. ACT Practice Test 2015-16 (Form 72CPRE) Test: p-55. Answer key: p57-62. ACT Practice Test 2014-15 (Form 67C) Test: p-51 (ignore the essay). Answer key: p56-62. ACT Practice Test 20-12 (Form 64E) Test: p13-56 (ignore the essay). Answer key: p60-65. ACT Practice Test 2008-09 (Form 61C) Test: p13-55 (ignore the essay). Answer key: p60-64. ACT Practice Test 2005-06 (Form 59F) Test: p13-55 (ignore the essay). Answer key: p60-65. Notice a few years missing? That's because ACT, Inc. duplicates the same test in different years. For example, the 2015-16 test is identical to the 2016-17 and 2017-18 tests and the 2018-19 test is identical to the 2019-20 test. We've included the form ID with each test so that you can confirm for yourself what's the same and what's not (you can find this code at the bottom-left of each page on the tests). There is also one ACT free online sample test. Although the test format is a little clunky, it's overall a convenient digital resource. To use it, click through each section to answer questions in short batches. Once you receive your scores for a question set, you'll move on to the next batch of questions. Unfortunately, these features make it impossible to take this ACT test under realistic timing conditions, but at least you can get some helpful practice with it. 2 Official ACT Practice Test Resources You Can Buy So far, we've given you all free, official ACT practice tests. But what about paid practice tests? For even more high-quality practice, consider buying the following official ACT practice tests. The Official ACT Prep Guide, 2019-2020 Edition Price: About $21 This official prep book is definitely the best resource for realistic ACT practice questions. Don't bother using Kaplan or The Princeton Review for practice tests, as their quality is far inferior to the tests created by ACT, Inc. The 2019-20 edition includes five full-length ACT practice tests with essay prompts. One of these tests is new to the 2019-20 edition and one of them also appears in the 2018-19 edition, but the other three are the same tests as those in the 2018 and 2016-17 editions. Therefore, you might want to consider buying a copy of the third edition (which has five unique practice tests) in addition to the 2019-20 edition for extra practice. ACT Online Program Price: $39.95 This official online program includes two extra full-length ACT practice tests and many authentic practice questions that reflect the most recent changes to the ACT. The online prep material forlearning the subjects isn't all that great, however, so you're really only buying it for the tests. How to Use Official ACT Tests: 4 Tips Because each ACT practice test takes about four hours to complete, it's important for you to get the most out of every one you take. Below, we go over some important tips to keep in mind when taking these official ACT practice tests: But before we get to our tips, it's worth reiterating that practice tests can't be used to address all possible ACT problems. If you're struggling to understand certain concepts, for example, you'll need to make sure you're brushing up on your content review and learning difficult topics from scratch. So while ACT practice tests are an excellent way to track your progress, they certainly aren't the only resources out there! Now, we'll show you how you can use ACT practice tests to your advantage. #1: Take Each Test in One Sitting The ACT is a marathon that forces you to sit and concentrate for four hours on an early Saturday morning. You need to build up your test-taking stamina so that you don't make careless mistakes at the end of the exam. By taking each ACT practice test in one sitting, you'll increase your endurance for the real test. If you don't have time in your schedule for a four-hour session, splitting it up over multiple days is OK- as long as you heed our next tip. #2: Use Official Time Limits It is critical that you recreate the time limits on the ACT as you take practice tests. Each section requires you to answer one or more questions in about a minute, which causes most students to end up with less time than they need, especially on the Math section. But don't be tempted to give yourself even two extra minutes, as this could unfairly let you finish more questions, thereby improving your score substantially. Remember that ACT practice tests should be reliable indicators of your real ACT score. If you give yourself more time than what's allowed on the test, you won't be able to see where you're actually scoring. #3: Review Your Answers At the end of every test, be sure to review every mistake you made as well as every question you got correct. If you bypass this step, you're not going to learn from your mistakes, and you'll continue making the same ones over and over again. A rule of thumb is to spend at least two hours reviewing every full ACT practice test you take. Though this is time consuming, it's important that you emphasize quality of learning over quantity of learning. In the end, it's better to take three tests with detailed review than it is to take six tests with no review. #4: No Improvement? Supplement Your Practice Tests While some students can learn from their mistakes, others need guidance to point out where their weaknesses are and assignments to help them directly improve upon their weak points. A good prep program can supercharge your ACT prep so that you're always focusing on the best material. Check out our industry-leading online ACT prep program. We've designed it to cover all the advantages of ACT books and tutors- and more- at an affordable price. Featuring in-depth strategy lessons and thousands of practice questions, our program uses the best content from the leading prep books. It also guides you step by step through what you should be working on at every moment to best improve your ACT score. This works by customizing to your strengths and weaknesses, and then giving you focused practice to help you learn the patterns on the test. Finally, it motivates you to study so that you put in enough time. There's a 4-point guarantee, too- meaning that if you don't improve your score by 4 points or more, you'll get all of your money back! For other ACT prep resources, take a look at our guides to the best ACT prep books, the best ACT websites, and how to find an ACT tutor. What's Next? Want more ACT practice? Check out our massive collection of official and unofficial ACT practice tests. And if you're hoping to hone your math skills specifically, we've compiled the best ACT Math practice tests in a separate guide. Taken the ACT already but unhappy with your score? Use our guide to decide whether you should retake the ACT. Not sure when to take the ACT? Get a complete study plan for the ACT to figure out the best date for you. Check out our industry leading ACT prep program. 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Feminism in Jurisprudence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Feminism in Jurisprudence - Essay Example However recent theories and critical legal studies have highlighted the patriarchal elements in jurisprudence – the law itself is male, because the separation of the State and the extent of legal relief is conditioned by the separateness of the individual, a principle which is flawed in the case of women who are connected human beings. Therefore the framework of law and jurisprudence must be modified to reflect a more multicultural, multiracial and multiethnic framework in order to incorporate more voices, so that the law can serve to effectively address the needs of individuals in accordance with the circumstances. The most influential feminists are MacKinnon and Gilligan, whose theories have largely shaped female attack on existing jurisprudence. Catherine McKinnon’s crusade began with pornography, which she sought to ban. What worked against her struggle to ban pornography however, was the existence of the First Amendment right to freedom of speech and expression. But MacKinnon appealed to the Zoning Commission in Minneapolis on the issue of pornography as follows: Catherine MacKinnon pressed for the curtailment of certain First Amendment rights through censorship, reflecting what has now become a widely debated feminist view of restriction of the rights to free speech and expression in such areas as pornography. In her view, presently it is certain powerful groups who are the only ones with the right to free speech and whose voices are heard, over and above the women and minority groups who have â€Å"been silenced by their powerlessness†2, therefore the role of Government and of jurisprudence cannot continue to be biased in favor of the powerful groups, rather the function of jurisprudence is to empower the minorities and the women. Thus, it may be seen that her views rise in opposition to the model of total

According to contract law, can the injured party claim damages for Essay

According to contract law, can the injured party claim damages for every loss which is caused by a breach of contract Discuss, with reference to case law - Essay Example The victim has choices. The victim may avow the agreement or accept the repudiatory breach and consider the agreement as at an end. For contracts apart from sale of goods contracts, an individual, having full breach knowledge, is perceived to affirm the contract where he decides to go on with it in any case (Png, & Stanford University, p342). The obligation to repudiate in such a scenario is finally mislaid. The responsible individual may, of course, still consider bringing an act in damages for the breach and repudiate the contract for all breaches in future. Mitigation: the party that brings the claim cannot in any way be compensated for any loss arising from his part which he may have overcome by taking the necessary actions. This is termed as the duty to mitigate. Two limbs exists in duty to mitigate which usually arise after the breach has taken place: The party complaining about contract breach should take sensible steps in order to minimize her loss; the expenses incurred in taking such steps may also be compensated, and the complainant must not take unrealistic steps that increases the amount of loss. Causation; the complainant about contract breach must prove on a scale of probabilities that the loss was as result of the breach. In most occasions, the court will often first look at what would have occurred ‘but for’ the breach. If this technique will not bare fruits in terms of having certain finding, the court will be left with the option to consider ‘lost chance’ methodology which considers any chances for what may have taken place. Remoteness; whichever loss that has occurred should not be too remote the prove recovery process to be futile. This means that damages must arise in accordance to normal happenings arising from contract breach itself or may sensibly be ought to have been in the contemplation of the involved parties when the contract was made. Hadley v

History of human evolution Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

History of human evolution - Research Paper Example There are a lot of progressions and interactions going on in the universe and for everything to survive, these progressions are important. The same is for humans. For humans to exist, they must undergo some process which is commonly known as evolution. Humans have evolved through evolution. Aristotle was the first biologist that identified humans as rational animals that have a distinctive ability to reason and make judgments, due to which they are different from other animals.Cela-Conde and Ayala assert in their book that all organisms tend to have common ancestors (1). According to them, â€Å"Biological evolution is a process of descent with modification† (1). If we go into the depth of this statement, we come to know how we evolve from what we were and what we are today. hominidae is the term used to describe the lineage spreading from the final common ancestor of man and apes. Hominid is the term given to a species in the family. According to paleoanthropology, the histor y of human evolution shows that the common ancestor to both man and apes existed â€Å"about 5.5 million years ago†, states Professor Grover Krantz. Ramapithecus was one of the most ancient hominids whose fossils were found at that time. Paleoanthropologists believe that the bipedal adaptation of the ancient hominids evolved when that ancient hominid decided to live at the border of forests under the trees instead of inside the forests and in the trees. This was about four million years back, but how we look like today is much different because our modern facial features evolved much later than that. The bipedal adaptation then evolved into upright walk that is how we walk today. Paul Rincon, a science reporter in BBC News, reports that scientists have found in Western Europe, and specifically in Spain, the most ancient remains of human. He reports, â€Å"A jawbone and teeth discovered at the famous Atapuerca site in northern Spain have been dated between 1.1 and 1.2 million years old.† Borgus, the city of Spain, is well known for having many antique limestone caves that contain fossils of early hominids and other tools that show the occupations of early humans. As far as United States is concerned, most Americans believe that humans did not evolve over a period of time. However, there is a designer God who designed the mechanism of humans and created them magically. There are two parts of human biological evolution: Anagenesis and Cladogenesis. Anagenesis Also called phyletic evolution, ancestry of organisms changes generation after generation. Kesner and Olton describe anagenesis as progress of the humankind in evolutionary context (15). Continuous natural selection results in the modification of forms and organs so that they perfectly adapt to the new environments and habitats. Cladogenesis Another name for it is lineage splitting which means that new species come into existence with the passage of time which results in diversity. While modifi cation in a phylogenetic lineage is occurring, branching of forms also occurs at the same time which causes them to expand on the face of the earth. Natural Selection Considered as one of the most fundamental processes that results in evolution, natural selection was a concept put forth by Charles Darwin in 1859 in his book On the Origin of Species. According to this concept, organisms (or traits) that are best suited to the environment are selected by nature to prevail due to which they are able to pass on their genetics on to the following generations. On the other hand, organisms (or traits) that are not best adapted in the environment tend to vanish away. Human evolution has also been influenced by this concept of natural selection. According to Darwin, as he states in the revised version of his book, another name for natural selection is survival of the fittest (Darwin 8). Nature brings variations in the organic beings so that they are best suited t

Frequent Shopper Program Essay Example for Free

Frequent Shopper Program Essay The objective of this project request is to track purchases of individual customers. The customer purchases will be tracked and accumulated as loyalty points for redemption by the customer for gift items, specialty foods and other products or services as made available through partnerships with other external companies. The strategic purpose of the Frequent Shopper Program is described on the Sales Marketing page of the Kudler Fine Foods Intranet site. Purpose: Kudlers’s new initiative is tracking purchase behavior at the individual customer level and providing high value incentives through a partnership with a loyalty points program. The customer purchase behavior patterns will help Kudler refine its processes and offerings to best satisfy their values customers. Price is not the primary differentiating factor for Kudler consumers; these consumers are focused on quality and finding specialized items. Therefore, rather than providing everyday discounts to the customers for their purchase frequency like lower end markets, Kudler has partnered with a loyalty points program to provide customers with points which can be redeemed for high end gift items, airline first-class upgrades, or other specialty foods. Technology Infrastructure and Architecture The following sections of this document will provide an overview of the hardware, network, software, databases, and security requirements for the frequent shopper program. These requirements are suggestive Hardware Platform: Kudler Fine Foods currently has an elaborate network of hardware that may be used to implement the frequent shopper program. Client-Side hardware: 1. Each store uses NCR RealPOS 82XRT terminals linked to the network through a POS server. (These terminals will be used during purchasing to initiate data collection including customer ID and purchase history data for the FSP)   2.  The nineteen (at present count) corporate management and other admin personnel all utilize Dell Vostro computers running Windows 7 OS. These administration personnel also share 3 HP networked printers. (In relation to the FSP, these computers will be used by management to query and analyze customer purchase history for business service refinement. ) Server-Side Hardware: 1. POS Servers- are used to process orders from the POS terminals and connect to the Kudler network for database file storage 2. HP Blade Server system- c3000 system, Unix OS, SAP Retail SW, Print/File, Communications, Email, Storage, Web. These Servers will be used to store data regarding individual customer purchase history and queried for business analysis as well as loyalty points addition and redemption. ) Network Platform: 1. Each of the three Kudler Stores has a Local Area Network which connects together Via T3 Dedicated high speed lines. 2. Each store’s LAN is connected via 100 base T Ethernet. The communications into and out of the stores is ported through 2 Cisco routers and firewalls. 3. Each Local Area Network is also connected to the internet via 25Mbps high speed business internet connections. 4. Network Diagrams (Shown Below) Software Development Tools: 1. The Frequent Shopper Program is an additional service that will be implemented in conjunction with the existing Information Technology System used throughout Kudler Fine Foods. Because of the complexity and functionality of the existing system, it is recommended that the use of AGILE development methodologies be used to develop the FSP system and merge the application into the existing system. 2. Visual Studio 2012- This Integrated Development Environment will be used to develop the application modules and user interfaces for the FSP development. 3. The code will be implemented in the C# language. (used for module development) b. ASP. NET MVC – used to develop dynamic, interactive web based application for customers to access, monitor, and redeem loyalty points Databases: 1- Customer Table The Customer Table contains demographic data for each of Kudler’s customers. The data in this table is used to access the name and address of customers for order processing and for special mailings for anniversaries and/or birth dates, etc. Order Table The Order Table is used to record information pertinent to each Order placed with a given store. Each order will have one or more entries in the Order Line Table associated with it. 3- Order Line Table The Order Line table contains detail on items appearing on an order. One or more Order Lines are associated with each order and each Order Line references an item being purchased with its description, quantity, price, etc. 4- Item Table The Item Table stores information pertaining to products that may appear on an order. It describes goods that can be purchased from a Store. The current database tables can be re-used and combined to create the FSPoints Table The FSPoints table (Frequent Shopper Points table), will include the Customer ID and all correlating information, Item purchase history, and Item Points Value. The sum of all points’ values will be expressed and added to the Customer’s redeemable points at the end of each FSP period. User Interfaces: Describe the interface for data collection and notification to store personnel and customers. 1. The initial User Interface will remain the same at the point of sale(POS). Additional software will be added to initialize the FSP on applicable transaction.  Software modules will be initialized as needed that will collect the CustomerID as well as the individual items purchased. 2. Web Applications: Through the use of the aforementioned tools including ASP. NET and MVC, an interactive web application will be available to registered customers, and personnel to access, review, and redeem loyalty points. There will be an exclusive page created for the Frequent Shopper Program. Controls: System accuracy checks will be in place to verify unique CustomerID’s at the POS terminals. Every customer that participates in the Frequent Shopper Program will have a unique customerID. Each transaction will begin by entering this identifier which when verified for accuracy will begin collecting item purchase data. Each item is scanned at the POS, and compared to its corresponding FSPoints table to add loyalty points to the Customers FSPoint record. If the CustomerID or any items purchased to not register in the verification processing system, an exception will be returned to notify the customer and cashier at the time of purchase. Each transaction will close with a printed receipt listing the order line information, as well as the points accumulated at that transaction. A points total may be requested via the internet based Frequent Shopper Program Web application on the Kudler Fine Foods website. Security: The necessary security mechanisms need to be in place when storing and moving most data entities, especially Customer personal information. Hashing and encryption techniques will be used when sensitive data is stored in all data stores, and secure data transfer protocols (e. g. , SSL, HTTPS, and WS-Security) will be used when data is Personal Information will be secured through the use of data encryption methods and secure networking protocols when data is transmitted over the network.

Experiment Proving Carbohydrate Intake Delays Fatigue Essay -- Biology

The goal of this scientific study was to determine if the delayed onset of fatigue, as a result of consuming carbohydrates, was associated with stopping muscle glycogen depletion. Therefore, this web page is dedicated to presenting the important points of the study and to expand on those ideas in order to encompass a more general function of carbohydrates in our daily activities. The basic outline of the experiment consisted of a control group and an experimental group; both groups contained endurance-trained cyclists who had fasted beforehand. The cyclists were required to maintain a constant 70% aerobic workload while they cycled. The control group was given a sweet drink that did not suffice as an energy source; the drink contained aspartame (NutraSweet) which has no nutritional value. The other drink contained nutritionally useful carbohydrate that had an equally sweet flavor. Cyclists were not told which drink they were receiving. This was done to avoid biases (such as cycling harder with the carbohydrate drink to "please" the scientists) from entering the experiment and thus corrupting the data. Muscle biopsies to measure muscle glycogen were taken before excercise, after 2 and 3 hours of exercise, and at the time of fatigue (when the cyclists could no longer work at 70% of their aerobic capacity). Blood samples were also taken every twenty minutes and upon fatigue. These blood samples were used to quantitatively analyze the glucose levels in the blood at the various times. The results of this study were that carbohydrate feedings during prolonged exercise delayed fatigue by one hour. As seen by the results of the carbohydrate feeding during the bicyclists' extensive exercise, glycogen utilization is not spared in ... ... more study Another clinical study was also done with Carbo-Crunch Bars by Shaklee. Cyclists pedaling at an energetic pace for more than three hours received Carbo-Crunch Bars and water or water alone. The speed was then turned up to sprint pace. Those who had been drinking water and eating the Carbo-Crunch Bars were able to last 24 minutes while those participants who had received only water lasted for an average of 2 minutes. Results: These clinical studies of Shaklee products show that carbohydrates help to prolong the onset of fatigue to keep the athlete going. Carbohydrate products have become so popular that dogs can even receive Power Bones, a product offering dogs a burst of energy from glucose and endurance from carbohydrates. The regular intake of carbohydrates during exercise help to keep body-sugar levels steady and prolong the onset of fatigue.

Flowers, herbs and willows Essay

Also, the fact that Shakespeare did not add any stage directions to the play helps the director portray the protagonists in the light they see fit. This has granted directors the licence to portray Ophelia as either virginal or sexually knowledgeable. Brannagh uses the device of flashbacks to perfectly show his audience that he sees Ophelia as being less than innocent and that she and Hamlet have previously been sexually active. He does this without taking anything away from the script and gets his point across using a dialogue-less scene. However in the most recent silver screen version of Hamlet directed by Michael Almereyda, Ophelia is portrayed as being virginal and innocent as no sexual references appear during the film. This shows how different the character of Ophelia can b portrayed, almost as they were two separate individuals. The lack of stage directions not only makes it simpler for directors to portray her the way they want, but also for the audience, as they don’t have to decide whether she was innocent or not for themselves, but have it done for them. The third interpretation of Ophelia is that if her being sexually active. The scenes in which she goes mad strongly suggest her sexual knowledge comes from her own experiences with Hamlet, as she acts in a sexual manner. The songs she sings during her madness are also of a sexual nature, which further points to her being sexually active. There is evidence of sexual activity in Branagh’s production, during the previously mentioned flashback scenes. Richard Corum also supports the view that she was sexually active, however Shakespeare never states whether she was a virgin or not Her conversation with Hamlet in act3 scene2 strongly suggest that she and hamlet have had sexual relations, â€Å"you are keen, my lord, you are keen†. The keenness may be that of his sexual lust and she teases him by pointing it out. However much this may point towards the idea that they both have had sexual relations, Shakespeare still never specifically says whether she is a virgin or not. Richard Corum investigates the symbolism and significance of the â€Å"flowers, herbs and willows, † that Ophelia talks off in chapter nine. Corum implies that through the flower imagery that Ophelia uses, it is undoubtedly obvious that she is not innocent. The flowers symbolize Ophelia’s wishes to regain her lost purity and to once again become an ‘innocent flower’. The â€Å"fennel† that is mentioned represents the â€Å"fickleness of love†. Folklore of the time also suggests that fennel and rue were â€Å"abortion-inducing agents†. The willow which Ophelia was holding when she was found dead, was also thought to hold the same properties, which means that Ophelia attempted to abort a pregnancy before the died. Furthermore, the term â€Å"flowers† was used at the time as a term for menstruation, which suggests that Ophelia’s â€Å"interest in rosemary† was a way of her trying to tell herself that her menstruation cycle continued as is normal, meaning she was trying to convincer herself that she was not pregnant. Corum also states that rue supposedly made men impotent and that in handing it to Hamlet, Ophelia was trying to prevent a â€Å"situation that is now perhaps unpreventable† Corum’s examination of the flowers in Act 4, Scene 5, seems to be viable. This is mainly due to his study being based on folklore that existed in Shakespearean times. The ideas themselves are plausible as they clearly fit into the character of Ophelia and can be related credibly to her apparent affair with Hamlet. Instead of outright stating Ophelia’s sexual knowledge Shakespeare uses this symbolism and imagery as subtle undertones to incorporate the idea of her sexual exploits. Shakespeare has always had strong-minded female protagonists in his plays, which means that the assertion that Ophelia is a character of considerable aptitude is not a new phenomenon. Lady Macbeth for example is the driving force behind her husband’s ambition and influenced him to kill the king. Juliet is another astute and determined character despite her young age, her character proves that women can challenge the authority of the men, as she does with her father by marrying Romeo. Taking the conception of Ophelia being a strong minded and autonomous character would by no means be extreme, as the examples I have given surely provide enough evidence that Shakespeare has presented female characters as being of a significant standing.

Jeanette’s childhood Essay

Jeanette’s childhood was much the same as Celie’s in the sense that it lacked a heterosexual relationship she could be influenced by. Jeanette’s parents aren’t shown to be in love; in fact they are hardly shown being together. When Jeanette asks her mother why she married her father, she replies not about love but about their responsibility to have a child and â€Å"dedicate it to the lord†(P. 10). Just like Celie, this lack of a loving parental relationship may have lead Jeanette to becoming a lesbian, as she hadn’t been exposed to any real love between a man and a woman. Throughout the two novels, neither primary character has a close relationship with a male. Instead, they find shelter with other women. The fact that Jeanette never has a close relationship with a man can give us hints to her inevitable sexuality, as she is not sexually attracted to them, shown when she â€Å"tried imagining him without his clothes on. Horrid. â€Å"(P. -), expressing her disgust of the male body and general distaste of men. Throughout Oranges Are Not The Only Fruit, she has a close relationship with a woman from church, Elsie. When Jeanette is sick in hospital, her mother rarely visits because she is busy, but Elsie comes every single day to â€Å"make me smile†(P. 29). This, as well as the fact Elsie sticks by Jeanette even after her lesbianism is revealed, almost seems to the reader that they have a parent/daughter relationship, where Elsie looks out for Jeanette and keeps her strong through hard times; Jeanette said â€Å"and my confidence restored (thanks to her)†(P. 30). Their closeness lasts until Elsie’s death. Her friendship and experiences with Mrs Jewsbury introduces Jeanette to homosexuality, which is a key turning point in the novel and can be seen to have had a huge impact on Jeanette’s sexuality. Like Jeanette, Celie shares closeness with women rather than men. While Jeanette’s distaste of men is more passive and subtle, Celie is hateful and wary of men because of the way she’s been treated by them. She lived in a time when men dominated the social hierarchy, so all the women had to stick together. This is shown when Celie meets Sofia, who has six brothers and five sisters, and says â€Å"all the girls stick together† (P. 39). It’s a possibility that Sofia’s words inspired Celie to find confidence in other women instead of suffering alone, because it is after this that Celie develops a close relationship with Sofia and Shug Avery,. The quilt Sofia and Celie make acts as a metaphor to show the power women can have when in numbers and the things they can achieve. Both Nettie and Mr. __’s sister, Kate, tell Celie â€Å"You got to fight†(P. 17 and 21) to encourage her, and Kate says â€Å"you deserve more than this†(P. 20), which helps Celie discover self-worth and gives her the confidence to leave Mr. ___. Kate shows Celie she is not alone, and the new dress Kate buys for her symbolises Celie’s newfound refuge with other women and the start of defining herself as a new, stronger person. Celie also seeks shelter from Shug, who she spends most of the novel admiring, and Shug takes on the responsibility of looking after her and introducing her to the idea of self-worth, empowering Celie as a woman. Their relationship is a major influence for Celie’s sexuality, despite the fact critic Trudier Harris calls it â€Å"The height of silly romanticism†1, implying it is unrealistic. I disagree with this, as I think their relationship is more sisterly than romantic, shown when Celie says â€Å"we sleep like sisters me and Shug† (P. 124) emphasizing how closely they’ve bonded. It is definitely not â€Å"silly† when looking at how much Celie gets out of their relationship, including redefining herself, questioning the word around her and discovering self worth, as stated before. Walker and Winterson both foreshadow the future lesbianism of Celie and Jeanette in various ways through symbolism and particular events. Jeanette’s lesbianism is hinted throughout the book, one example being the banana bar she is offered by the lesbian shopkeepers.